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Development of an analytical model to estimate the churning losses in high-speed axial piston pumps
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0671-1
关键词: axial piston pump rotating parts high rotational speed churning losses drag torque
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第1期
• Degree of integration of crop and livestock was insufficient on mixed smallholdings.
• Liquid manure discharges on industrial farms hamper the closing of nutrient loops.
• Coupling with local crop farms is encouraged to achieve integration of crop-livestock systems.
The proportion of industrial livestock in China has increased over the past 30 years, which increases animal performance but causes the decoupling of crop and livestock production. Here, we aimed to quantify nutrient flows, nutrient use efficiency, and nutrient losses in different livestock systems in the North China Plain based on the NUFER-farm model. Activity data were collected by face-to-face surveys on pig and dairy (41 livestock farms) during 2016–2018. The two systems included industrial farms and mixed smallholdings. In mixed smallholdings, 4.0% and 9.6% of pig and dairy feed dry matter (DM) were derived from household farmland, but 4.8% and 9.3% of manure DM recycled to household farmland. Nutrient use efficiency in industrial farms was higher than in mixed smallholdings at animal level, herd level, and system level. To produce 1 kg N and P in animal products, nutrient losses in industrial pig farms (2.0 kg N and 1.3 kg P) were lower than in mixed pig smallholdings, nutrient losses in industrial dairy farms (2.7 kg N and 2.2 kg P) were slightly higher than in mixed dairy smallholdings. Liquid manure discharge in industrial farms was the main losses pathway in contrast to mixed smallholdings. This study suggests that feed localization can reduce nutrient surpluses at the district level. It is necessary to improve manure management and increase the degree of integrated crop-livestock in smallholdings. In industrial farms, it is desirable to increase the liquid manure recycling ratio through cooperating livestock and crop production at the district level.
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期 页码 579-592 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023526
Nutrient pollution of air and water is a persistent problem in Europe. However, the pollution sources are often analyzed separately, preventing the formulation of integrative solutions. This study aimed to quantify the contribution of agriculture to air, river and coastal water pollution by nutrients. A new MARINA-Nutrients model was developed for Europe to calculate inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to land and rivers, N emissions to air, and nutrient export to seas by river basins. Under current practice, inputs of N and P to land were 34.4 and 1.8 Tg·yr–1, respectively. However, only 12% of N and 3% of P reached the rivers. Agriculture was responsible for 55% of N and sewage for 67% of P in rivers. Reactive N emissions to air from agriculture were calculated at 4.0 Tg·yr–1. Almost two-fifths of N emissions to air were from animal housing and storage. Nearly a third of the basin area was considered as pollution hotspots and generated over half of N emissions to air and nutrient pollution in rivers. Over 25% of river export of N ended up in the Atlantic Ocean and of P in the Mediterranean Sea. These results could support environmental policies to reduce both air and water pollution simultaneously, and avoid pollution swapping.
关键词: agriculture air-water modeling European rivers nutrient pollution sewage systems source attribution
GASEOUS REACTIVE NITROGEN LOSSES FROM ORCHARDS, VEGETABLES AND TEA PLANTATIONS
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第2期 页码 155-166 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022477
● Gaseous N emissions from orchards, vegetables and tea plantations (OVT) are reviewed.
关键词: fruit greenhouse gas green development fertilizer management climate change
Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends
Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第4期 页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0645-8
关键词: second law analysis flame dimethyl ether (DME) hydrogen binary fuels
Test investigation on hydraulic losses in the discharge passage of an axial-flow pump
QIU Baoyun, CAO Haihong, JIANG Wei, GAO Zhaohui, WANG Fei
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第2卷 第1期 页码 50-56 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0008-8
Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第4期 页码 462-468 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018239
Late blight is one of the most important potato diseases. To minimize yield losses, various protective measures are used including fungicide application. Active use of fungicides results in a contamination of the environment. Therefore, crop protection strategies optimizing the number of treatments are of great interest. Using information about late blight development in an experimental potato field recorded over 30 seasons, a simulator to forecast yield losses caused by the disease was developed based on the number of 5-d periods favorable for reinfection of plants during a vegetation season. The simulator was successfully verified using independent data on the disease development from nine unprotected potato fields in the Netherlands and Germany. The average difference between the calculated and real yield losses did not exceed 5%. Using the simulator and weather data for a period of 2007-2017, yield losses were calculated for several areas of the Bryansk, Tambov, and Orenburg Regions of Russia. The results revealed differences in disease development between these regions and may be used to develop recommendations for a frequency of fungicide applications according to the regional risk of epidemics, leading to a significant reduction in fungicide use.
关键词: potato late blight Phytophthora infestans yield losses retrospective analysis mathematical model
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第3期 页码 457-464 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022452
● A simple model was used to evaluate how increasing temporal variability in precipitation influences crop yields and nitrogen losses.
关键词: crop yield fertilizer timing nitrogen loss precipitation variability toy model
Dongqiang LEI, Yucong REN, Zhifeng WANG
《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 页码 1048-1059 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0670-7
关键词: parabolic trough receiver vacuum annulus rarefied gas DSMC (direct simulation Monte Carlo) heat loss
Yifei MA, Ling ZHANG, Zhaohai BAI, Rongfeng JIANG, Yong HOU, Lin MA
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第1期 页码 58-71 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020371
关键词: industrial farms mixed smallholdings pig dairy nutrient management
P. SRINIVASA RAO,P. DINESH,G. SARAVANA ILANGO,C. NAGAMANI
《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 199-210 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0350-1
关键词: array configuration mismatch losses partial shading line losses Su-Do-Ku arrangement
Development and challenges of green food in China
Mahmood ul HASSAN, Xin WEN, Jiuliang XU, Jiahui ZHONG, Xuexian LI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 56-66 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019296
Green food in China refers to a wide array of primary and processed agricultural products that are safe, nutritious and of high quality for human consumption. Green food has been certified and produced following the principle of sustainability since the 1990s, making historic achievements in providing quality food, protecting the environment, increasing farmer income, and nurturing agricultural brands over the past 30 years in China. Today, the green food industry enters a steady-growth stage in terms of cultivation area, product number and sales. This article summarizes the history of the development of green food in China and current achievements, analyze major challenges that may hamper further development of the industry, and propose strategies to address these challenges, i.e., optimization of the food supply chain, deep food processing, and utilization of food wastes.
关键词: green food food losses storage processing transportation sustainability
Review on drivers, trends and emerging issues of the food wastage in China
Lin MA,Wei QIN,Tara GARNETT,Fusuo ZHANG
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第2卷 第2期 页码 159-167 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015066
关键词: food security food chain food wastes and losses environmental impacts
Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator
Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG
《能源前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第4期 页码 386-397 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0156-8
关键词: streamlines pressure losses flow passage improvement inlet particle separator (IPS)
用高光谱发光法研究Cu(Inx,Ga1–x)Se2 (CIGS)模块中由P1引起的功率损耗的成因 Article
César Omar Ramírez Quiroz, Laura-Isabelle Dion-Bertrand, Christoph J. Brabec, Joachim Müller, Kay Orgassa
《工程(英文)》 2020年 第6卷 第12期 页码 1395-1402 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.019
在本文中,我们利用了高光谱高分辨率光致发光映射技术,这是一个强大的工具,可用于选择和优化在Cu(Inx,Ga1-x)Se2(CIGS)模块上对子电池进行图案化互连的激光烧蚀工艺。通过这种方式,我们可以完成对消融区域附近材料降解的深度监测以及对潜在机制的识别。具体而言,通过分析在CIGS沉积之前烧蚀的标准P1图案线,我们发现了沿着下部的钼槽边缘的异常发射猝灭效应。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)比较了P1边缘的横截面的形貌,我们进一步合理化产生这种效应的起因,但无法用厚度变化解释光发射的减少。我们还研究了激光诱导对CIGS沉积后的P1图案线带来的损伤。然后,我们首次记录了短距离损坏区域,该区域与在激光路径上应用的光学孔径无关。我们的发现能更好地理解P1引起的功率损耗,并为改进与行业相关的模块互连方案提供了新的见解。
关键词: Cu(Inx Ga1–x)Se2 电池到模块的效率差距 由P1引起的功率损耗 高光谱光致发光 激光烧蚀短程热效应
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Development of an analytical model to estimate the churning losses in high-speed axial piston pumps
期刊论文
NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND LOSSES OF INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND MIXED SMALLHOLDINGS: LESSONS FROM THE NORTH
期刊论文
HOTSPOTS OF NUTRIENT LOSSES TO AIR AND WATER: AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN RIVER BASINS
期刊论文
Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends
Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN
期刊论文
Test investigation on hydraulic losses in the discharge passage of an axial-flow pump
QIU Baoyun, CAO Haihong, JIANG Wei, GAO Zhaohui, WANG Fei
期刊论文
Development and testing of a weather-based model to determine potential yield losses caused by potato
Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK
期刊论文
CLIMATE-CHANGE-INDUCED TEMPORAL VARIATION IN PRECIPITATION INCREASES NITROGEN LOSSES FROM INTENSIVE CROPPING
期刊论文
Numerical study of conduction and radiation heat losses from vacuum annulus in parabolic trough receivers
Dongqiang LEI, Yucong REN, Zhifeng WANG
期刊论文
NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY AND LOSSES OF INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND MIXED SMALLHOLDINGS: LESSONS FROM THE NORTH
Yifei MA, Ling ZHANG, Zhaohai BAI, Rongfeng JIANG, Yong HOU, Lin MA
期刊论文
Optimal Su-Do-Ku based interconnection scheme for increased power output from PV array under partial shading conditions
P. SRINIVASA RAO,P. DINESH,G. SARAVANA ILANGO,C. NAGAMANI
期刊论文
Development and challenges of green food in China
Mahmood ul HASSAN, Xin WEN, Jiuliang XU, Jiahui ZHONG, Xuexian LI
期刊论文
Review on drivers, trends and emerging issues of the food wastage in China
Lin MA,Wei QIN,Tara GARNETT,Fusuo ZHANG
期刊论文
Numerical study of internal flow field and flow passage improvement of an inlet particle separator
Florian PAOLI, Tong WANG
期刊论文